Progress and future perspective of epidemiological research of air pollution and climate change in the context of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals / 中华流行病学杂志

Climate change is the great health challenge for human beings in the 21st century. Air pollution is also an important public health problem worldwide. China announced the climate commitment to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Achieving these goals would not only have far-reaching effects on air pollution control and climate change, but also improve the population health in China. Air pollution and climate change epidemiology are important aspects of environmental epidemiology. In this paper, we discuss the current status and future development of epidemiological research of air pollution and climate change in the context of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals to provide ideas and suggestions for environmental and health studies in the future.

Exploration and practice of artificial intelligence assisted primary vision health management / 中华预防医学杂志

It has attracted much attention worldwide that the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in primary screening and clinical diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases. In recent years, this technology has also been widely used in various grass-roots eye disease management, effectively improving the current situation of weak eye disease diagnosis ability and shortage of human resources in primary medical institutions. At present, there is no reference standard or guideline for the management mode, implementation content and management method of vision health management based on this technology, which are in urgent need of standardization. The article described the work mode exploration of AI-assisted grass-roots visual health management in Shanghai and shared practical experience. The aim is to provide reference for other provinces in China to carry out relevant work.

Study on Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Induced by Gradient Shear Stress Using Microfluidic Chip Technology / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of gradient shear stress on platelet aggregation by microfluidic chip Technology.@*METHODS@#Microfluidic chip was used to simulate 80% fixed stenotic microchannel, and the hydrodynamic behavior of the stenotic microchannel model was analyzed by the finite element analysis module of sollidwork software. Microfluidic chip was used to analyze the adhesion and aggregation behavior of platelets in patients with different diseases, and flow cytometry was used to detect expression of the platelet activation marker CD62p. Aspirin, Tirofiban and protocatechuic acid were used to treat the blood, and the adhesion and aggregation of platelets were observed by fluorescence microscope.@*RESULTS@#The gradient fluid shear rate produced by the stenosis model of microfluidic chip could induce platelet aggregation, and the degree of platelet adhesion and aggregation increased with the increase of shear rate within a certain range of shear rate. The effect of platelet aggregation in patients with arterial thrombotic diseases were significantly higher than normal group (P<0.05), and the effect of platelet aggregation in patients with myelodysplastic disease was lower than normal group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The microfluidic chip analysis technology can accurately analyze and evaluate the platelet adhesion and aggregation effects of various thrombotic diseases unde the environment of the shear rate, and is helpful for auxiliary diagnosis of clinical thrombotic diseases.

A cross-sectional study of enterovirus nucleic acid test with throat swabs for term late neonates during coronavirus disease 2019 / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the positive rate of enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid in throat swabs of term late neonates hospitalized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the clinical characteristics of the neonates.@*METHODS@#A single-center cross-sectional study was performed on 611 term late infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal center from October 2020 to September 2021. Throat swabs were collected on admission for coxsackie A16 virus/EV71/EV universal nucleic acid testing. According to the results of EV nucleic acid test, the infants were divided into a positive EV nucleic acid group (8 infants) and a negative EV nucleic acid group (603 infants). Clinical features were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Among the 611 neonates, 8 tested positive for EV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 13.1‰, among whom 7 were admitted from May to October. There was a significant difference in the proportion of infants contacting family members with respiratory infection symptoms before disease onset between the positive and negative EV nucleic acid groups (75.0% vs 10.9%, P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in demographic data, clinical symptoms, and laboratory test results (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a certain proportion of term late infants testing positive for EV nucleic acid in throat swabs during the COVID-19 epidemic, but the proportion is low. The clinical manifestations and laboratory test results of these infants are non-specific. Transmission among family members might be an important cause of neonatal EV infection.

Effect of morphological changes in the sagittal plane of vertebrae and discs on degenerative kyphodeformity / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of morphological changes such as vertebral wedge deformation and disc degeneration (collapse) on adult thoracolumbar/lumbar degenerative kyphosis(TL/LDK) deformity.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis of 32 patients with spinal TL/LDK deformity admitted from August 2015 to December 2020, including 8 males and 24 females, aged 48 to 75(60.3±12.4) years old. On the long-cassette standing upright lateral radiographs, the coronal Cobb angle, sagittal thoracic lumbar/lumbar kyphosis angle(KA) of spine were measured, and the height and wedge parameters of apex vertebral(AV) and two vertebrae(AV-1, AV-2, AV+1, AV+2) above and below AV and the intervertebrae and the intervertebral disc(AV-1D, AV-2D, AV+1D, AV+2D) were evaluated, involving anterior vertebral body height(AVH), posterior vertebral body height(PVH), vertebral wedge angle(VWA), ratio of vertebral wedging(RVW), anterior disc height(ADH), posterior disc height(PDH), disc wedge angle(DWA), ratio of disc wedging(RDW), and DWA/KA.@*RESULTS@#The average angle of kyphosis was (44.2±19.1)°. A significant decrease in anterior height of vertebral was observed compared to the posterior height of vertebral(P<0.005). There was no significant difference in anterior and posterior height of discs. The vertebral wedging ratio/contribution ratio:AV-2(14.98±10.95)%/(14.21±8.08)%, AV-1(21.08±12.39)%/(18.09±7.38)%, AV(26.94±11.94)%/(25.52±8.64)%, AV+1(24.19±8.42)%/(20.82±8.69)%, AV+2(20.56±7.80)%/(15.60±9.71)%, total contribution(94.23±22.25)%, the disc wedging ratio/contribution ratio:AV-2D(2.88±2.57)%/(5.27±4.11)%, AV-1D(1.98±1.41)%/(2.29±2.16)%, AV+1D(-5.54±3.75)%/(-0.57±0.46)%, AV+2D(-8.27±4.62)%/(-1.22±1.11)%, total contribution (5.77±4.79)%. And the contribution rate of AV was significantly higher than that of adjacent vertebral(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The vertebral body and intervertebral disc shape both have influence on thoracolumbar kyphosis. However, the contribution of vertebral morphometry to the angle of TL/LDK deformity is relatively more important than the disc. The contribution of the wedge change of the AV to the TL/LDK deformity is particularly significant.

Yixin Ningshen Tablet Alleviates Comorbidity of Myocardial Infarction and Depression by Enhancing Myocardial Energy Metabolism and Increasing Availability of Monoamine Neurotransmitter / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the therapeutic effect of Yixin Ningshen Tablet (YXNS) on comorbidity of myocardial infarction (MI) and depression in rats and explore the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 rats in each group according to their weights, including control, model, fluoxetine (FLXT, 10 mg/kg), low-dose YXNS (LYXNS, 100 mg/kg), and high-dose YXNS (HYXNS, 300 mg/kg) groups. All rats were pretreated with corresponding drugs for 12 weeks. The rat model of MI and depression was constructed by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery and chronic mild stress stimulation. The echocardiography, sucrose preference test, open field test, and forced swim test were performed. Myocardial infarction (MI) area and myocardial apoptosis was also detected. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT), and norepinephrine (NE) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The proteins of adenosine 5'-monophosphate -activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) in heart were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), and kynureninase (KYNU) in hippocampus were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the model group, the cardiac function of rats treated with YXNS improved significantly (P<0.01). Meanwhile, YXNS effectively reduced MI size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis of rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05), promoted AMPK phosphorylation, and increased PGC-1α protein expression (P<0.01 or P<0.05). HYXNS significantly increased locomotor activity of rats, decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and increased the serum levels of 5-HT, NE, ACTH, and CORT (all P<0.05). Moreover, HYXNS decreased the mRNA expressions of IDO1, KMO and KYNU (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#YXNS can relieve MI by enhancing myocardial energy metabolism. Meanwhile, YXNS can alleviate depression by resisting inflammation and increasing availability of monoamine neurotransmitters. It may be used as a potential drug to treat comorbidity of MI and depression.

Research progress of adjuvant TACE therapy for liver cancer after radical resection / 中华肝脏病杂志

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most commonly used method for non-surgical treatment of liver cancer, and it is usually used as an adjuvant therapy in patients who have not developed intrahepatic metastases after surgical resection. Postoperative adjuvant TACE therapy may provide a prognostic benefit in liver cancer patients with high recurrence risk. This article reviews the research progress of adjuvant TACE therapy for liver cancer after radical resection.

Investigation and analysis of occupational hazards in construction of power transmission and transformation project / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the occupational hazard factors and exposure levels of workers during the construction of power transmission and transformation projects. Methods: Analysis and identification of occupational hazard factors were carried out for typical construction process of 6 power transmission projects and 3 substation projects in September 2018. The on-site occupational health investigation was carried out to detect and analyze the exposure levels of workers to occupational hazard factors. Results: The time weighted average concentration (C(TWA)) of crushing workers exposed to silica dust and welders exposed to welding fume in substation projects were 2.72 and 14.03 mg/m(3), respectively. The 8 h equivalent sound level results of exposure noise of carpenters in power transmission projects and crushing workers, reinforcement workers, carpenters, scaffolders, road builders in substation projects were 87.9, 92.5, 87.1, 92.5, 93.0 and 90.2 dB (A) , respectively. The 4-hour time equal energy frequency weighted vibration acceleration of hand-transmitted vibration of bricklayer in power transmission projects, bricklayer, general worker 3, road builder 1 and road builder 2 of substation projects were 5.36, 5.21, 5.28, 10.71 and 5.22 m/s(2), respectively. The effective irradiance of electric welding arc light of welders' limbs in power transmission projects and substation projects were 401.19, 319.68 μW/cm(2), respectively. All of the above exceeded the requirements of occupational exposure limits. The occupational radiation levels and exposure limits of hazardous chemical factors met the requirements of each post. Conclusion: During the construction of power transmission and transformation projects, the exposure levels of occupational hazard factors in multiple posts exceed the standard. The main responsibility of employers for occupational disease prevention and control should be implemented, and targeted comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the exposure levels of occupational hazard factors of workers.

Efficacy of adrenocorticotropic hormone in children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Methods: The clinical data of 38 children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome who were admitted to the Department of Nephrology, the Children Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The general information, clinical manifestations, laboratory data of the children and follow-up (till 12 months after treatment) were collected. The patients were divided into ACTH group and Glucocorticoid (GC) group according to treatment plan. Cumulative remission, average recurrence rate, GC dosage, height and weight change and peripheral blood CD19+B lymphocyte count were compared between the two groups to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of ACTH. Fisher's exact test, t test or rank sum test was used for comparison between groups. Results: Among the 38 patients, 28 were male and 10 were female, aged 84 (24, 180) months; 19 were in ACTH group and 19 were in GC group. The cumulative remission rate of 12 months in ACTH group was higher than that in GC group (9/19 vs. 2/19,χ²=6.81,P=0.009), the average recurrence rate was lower than that in GC group ((0.7±0.8) vs. (1.7±1.1) times, t=-3.27, P=0.011), and the average dosage of GC was lower than that in GC group ((0.27±0.16) vs. (0.51±0.27) mg/(kg·d), t=-3.21, P=0.014). The increase in height was higher than that in the GC group (4 (3,5) vs. 3 (2, 3) cm/year, Z=2.58, P=0.010), and the peripheral blood CD19+B lymphocyte count was lower than that in the GC group ((223±149)×106 vs. (410±213)×106/L,t=-3.35, P=0.009). In safety, 19 cases had transient decreased urine volume, 7 cases had hyperglycemia, and 3 cases had hypertension during the infusion of ACTH, which could be relieved after drug withdrawal. Conclusion: ACTH has a better effect on children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, which can improve cumulative sustained remission rate, lower relapses rate and decrease the dosage of GC, with good safety.

A panel study on the acute respiratory effects of ambient particles of different sizes on children in Shanghai / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To explore the association between size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNC) and respiratory health in children. Methods: From November 2018 to June 2019, there were 65 children aged 6-9 years from an elementary school in shanghai recruited in this panel study with three rounds of follow-up. The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels were measured and buccal mucosa samples of children were collected at each follow-up visit. The level of PNC, temperature and humidity of the elementary school was monitored from 3 days before each physical examination to the end of the physical examination. The linear mixed effects model was used to analyze the association between PNC and indicators of respiratory health in children. Results: Linear mixed effects model analysis revealed that, at lag 2 day, an interquartile range increase in PNC for particles measuring 0.25-0.40 μm was associated with the absolute changes in FVC, FEV1 and abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) about -60.15 ml (95%CI:-88.97 ml, -31.32 ml), -34.26 ml (95%CI:-63.22 ml, -5.31 ml), -6.00 (95%CI:-9.15, -2.84) and percentage change in FeNO about 12.10% (95%CI: 3.05%, 21.95%), respectively. These adverse health effects increased with the decrease of particle size. Conclusion: The short-term exposure to particulate matter is associated with reduced lung function, buccal microbe diversity and higher airway inflammation level among children. These adverse health effects may increase with the decrease of particle size.

Analysis of community intervention effects for diabetic eye diseases in Shanghai Xinjing community from 2016 to 2018 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the effects of community-based interventions for diabetic eye diseases in Xinjing community, Shanghai from 2016 to 2018. Methods: Based on the project of "Establishment of Service Model for Comprehensive Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Eye Diseases in Shanghai", the participants were not suffering diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Xinjing community in 2016 before interventions and received community-based interventions for diabetic eye diseases. The incidence of DR, visual acuity and awareness of DR were used as evaluation indicators to analyze the effects of interventions for diabetic eye diseases in the community. Results: A total of 537 patients were included in this study, the incidence of DR among diabetic patients in Xinjing community was 7.6% after interventions. The duration of diabetes (OR= 1.065) and HbA1c (OR= 1.090) were the risk factors of DR. Before and after the interventions, the patients with monocular low vision and binocular low vision were 27 cases (5.0%), 8 cases (1.5%), 19 cases (3.5%) and 7 cases (1.3%) respectively. After interventions, the awareness on the prevention and treatment of DR increased significantly, and the proportion of regular visits to ophthalmology examination, diet control and physical exercise also increased significantly. Conclusion: Community-based interventions for diabetic eye diseases are helpful to improve the awareness of DR prevention and control, reduce the incidence of DR.

Efficacy of Hybrid anterior cervical spine surgery on range of motion and curvature in the treatment of cervical degenerative diseases / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the change of cervical curvature and range of motion (ROM) on imaging at 6 months after Hybrid surgery.@*METHODS@#A total of 29 patients with cervical degenerative disease who underwent Hybrid surgery from January 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Also, they all met the inclusion criteria and had complete preoperative and 6 months postoperative imaging data. There were 11 males and 18 females, aged from 34 to 76 (55.86±10.69) years, and the operation time was from 2 to 4(3.03±0.51) hours. The Cobb angle method was used to measure the changes of cervical curvature and ROM of C@*RESULTS@#There was no statistically significant difference in C@*CONCLUSION@#Hybrid surgery reconstructs the lordotic curvature of the entire cervical spine and the responsible segment, retains the ROM of the cervical replacement segment, and restores the biomechanical function of cervical spine.

Application of tranexamic acid in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of femur / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the application of tranexamic acid in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to October 2019, 100 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group(52 cases). All patients received the same surgical treatment. The control group was given tranexamic acid 20 minutes before operation, and 15 mg/kg diluted in 250 ml sodium chloride injection, intravenous drip;the observation group was given tranexamic acid 0.5 g dissolved in 20 ml normal saline injected into femoral bone marrow cavity for local treatment on the basis of the control group. The blood loss, operation time and postoperative hospital stay were compared between two groups. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were analyzed before and after operation, and the incidence of thrombotic complications was observed.@*RESULTS@#The total blood loss, dominant blood loss, hidden blood loss and postoperative drainage volume of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (@*CONCLUSION@#Tranexamic acid combined with systemic and local application has important clinical significance in reducing perioperative blood lossand blood cell loss in patients with intertrochanteric fracture, and has good safety.

Application of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate Combined with Tropisetron in Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting under Microvascular Decompression of Hemifacial Spasm / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate combined with tropisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)under microvascular decompression of hemifacial spasm.Methods From January to June 2019,485 patients undergoing microvascular decompression for facial spasm at Department of Neurosurgery,Peking University People's Hospital were randomly assigned into two groups with random number table method.For group A(n=242),2 ml saline was administrated by intravenous drip before induction and 5 mg tropisetron after operation.For group B(n=243),40 mg methylprednisolone sodium succinate was administrated by intravenous drip before induction and 5 mg tropisetron after operation.The anesthesia time,operation time,and incidence of PONV in 0-24 h and 24-48 h were recorded for the comparison of the remedial treatment rate of nausea and vomiting between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in age,gender,smoking history,body mass index value,American Society of Anesthesiologists score,medical history,surgical side,PONV history,operation time or anesthesia time between the two groups(all P > 0.05).The incidence of PONV in group A was 35.5% and 18.2% during 0-24 h and 24-48 h,respectively,which was significantly higher than that(18.5%,χ

Three-dimensional morphological changes in the temporomandibular joints of patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the differences in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) between patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and asymptomatic subjects by using 3D morphometric measurements.@*METHODS@#A total of 15 patients with ADDwR and 10 asymptomatic subjects were enrolled. Then, 3D models of the maxilla and mandible were reconstructed using MIMICS 20.0. Nine morphologic parameters of TMJs on both sides were measured on the 3D solid model. The differences in the parameters were analyzed between the patients and the asymptomatic subjects and between the left and right sides of each group.@*RESULTS@#The horizontal and coronal condylar angles on the ipsilateral side of the patients were significantly greater than those of the asymptomatic subjects (@*CONCLUSIONS@#ADDwR will increase the condylar angles to be significantly greater than the normal level and decrease SRA and articular spaces to be significantly smaller than the normal level. The condyles will be displaced upward, closer to the fossa.

Quantifying peripapillary vessel density in type 2 diabetic patients without clinically detectable retinopathy using OCTA / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To quantify changes in peripapillary vessel density in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus(DM)without clinical features of diabetic retinopathy(DR)by OCT angiography(OCTA). <p>METHODS:A retrospective clinical study. From January to December 2019, 38 type 2 DM patients without DR(38 eyes, NDR group)and 30 normal subjects(30 eyes, control group)in Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou were included in the study. The optic nerve head was scanned by OCTA with HD 4.5mm×4.5mm imaging scanning mode for all subjects.The software automatically divides the peripapillary region into 8 sectors, designated as nasal superior(NS), nasal inferior(NI), inferior nasal(IN), inferior tempo(IT), tempo inferior(TI), tempo superior(TS), superior tempo(ST)and superior nasal(SN). Radial peripapillary capillaries vessel density(ppVD)and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)thickness of entire peripapillary area and each sector were measured. The discrepancy of ppVD and pRNFL thickness between the two groups was also analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ppVD and pRNFL in each quadrant of NDR group. <p>RESULTS:The mean ppVD value and NS,NI,IN,IT,TI,TS,ST and SN sector values were all significantly lower in NDR group compared to normal controls(all <i>P</i><0.05). The mean and each sector pRNFL thickness was reduced in NDR group compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant(all <i>P</i>>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the significant positive correlation was found between ppVD and pRNFL thickness in TI, TS, SN, NS and NI sector(<i>r</i>=0.578, 0.427, 0.577, 0.397, 0.317; all <i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Peripapillary vessel density has decreased in eyes of patients with type 2 DM before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.

Study of neurotrophic factor receptor tyrosine kinase gene fusion in the precise treatment of wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumor / 中华胃肠外科杂志

The neurotrophin receptor kinase (NTRK) gene encodes neurotrophic factor receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK), which plays an important role in the development and function of the nervous system. NTRK gene fusion mutation results in the production of chimeric NTRK proteins, which have carcinogenic potential through constitutive activation or overexpression. NTRK gene fusion mutation can lead to a special type of wild type gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), whose clinical manifestations and treatment are completely different from other types of GIST. This fusion mutation can be detected clinically by a variety of methods, including tumor DNA and RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining. In patients with NTRK fusion positive tumors, NTRK inhibitors such as larotrectinib and entrectinib have shown good antitumor efficacy, with clinical response rates as high as 75%. Therefore, there is a need to improve the recognition and detection of fuch patients and to improve their prognosis by individualized and precise treatment with TRK inhibitors.

Occupational health risk assessment in a resin anchorage production workshop / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To compare the applicability of three risk assessment methods on occupational health risk assessment of chemical harmful factors in a resin anchorage production workshop. METHODS: A resin anchoring agent production workshop was selected as the research subject using the judgment sampling method. Contact ratio assessment method and comprehensive index method(both are semi-quantitative evaluation method) and qualitative risk assessment method were applied to estimate the occupational health risks of jobs involved with styrene, dibutyl phthalate and phthalic anhydride. The assessment was carried out, and the obtained risk level was standardized as the risk ratio. The evaluation results of these three methods were compared. RESULTS: The assessment results of exposure ratio method were 1-3, and those of comprehensive index method were 2-3. The risk ratio of the above methods after standardization is consistent with that before standardization. The result of qualitative risk assessment was 2-3, and the risk ratio after standardization was 3-4. The risk ratio after standardization was 1 level higher than that before standardization. Kappa analysis results showed that the result of contact ratio method and the comprehensive index method was in good agreement(Kappa=0.53, P<0.05). The qualitative risk assessment method was inconsistent with the contact ratio method and the comprehensive index method(Kappa values were 0.19 and 0.40, both P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Comprehensive index method is the preferred method for occupational health risk assessment of anchorage agent production workshop under the condition that detection results of occupational hazards can be obtained. Qualitative risk assessment method can be used when the test results cannot be obtained.

Interventional radiology under the era of coronavirus disease 2019: Recommendations from the Chinese College of Interventionalists

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major public health threat to the whole world. Although the control of COVID-19 has been in the forefront of interventional practice, most interventional radiologists (IRs) are not equipped adequately to cope with such a crisis. In this review, we share our experience from Chinese IRs' perspective, report on the acute measures instituted within interventional radiology (IR) units, and give recommendations to the prevention and control of COVID-19

Changes in the proliferation and angiogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells after treated with prostaglandin E1 combined with basic fibroblast growth factor / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor can promote the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells, but the effects of their combinations on the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and angiogenesis are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E1 combined with basic fibroblast growth factor on the proliferation and angiogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells. METHODS: (1) Human dental pulp stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro. After detection and identification of surface markers, prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/L were used to treat human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. The untreated cells served as control group. The cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay, and the optimum drug concentration and time of drug action were screened. (2) The in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells were divided into four groups: blank control group, prostaglandin E1 group, basic fibroblast growth factor group and combination group. The cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. Human dental pulp stem cell conditioned medium was extracted. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin in the culture medium were detected by ELISA. The in vitro tubular formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells after culture in conditioned medium was tested by tubule formation experiment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimum concentration of prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor was 20 μg/L, and the optimum time of action was 2 days. Compared with the blank control group, the relative proliferation rate, level of vascular endothelial growth factor and the angiogenesis ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cell in vitro in the prostaglandin E1, basic fibroblast growth factor and combination groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the level of endostatin was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). All above index levels in the combination group were significantly superior to those in the prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor groups (P < 0.05). In summary, prostaglandin E1 combined with basic fibroblast growth factor can promote the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and enhance the tubular formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro.